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Counties

Harney County

County seat

Burns

Judicial district

24th Judicial District (Grant and Harney counties). Harney County Circuit Court, Harney County Courthouse.

County website

harneycountyor.gov

Population, 2020 Census

7,495

Area

10,134 square miles of land

Federal land

71.6%All federal agencies
60.6%BLM
8.0%Forest Service
2.9%Fish and Wildlife Service
0.1%Bureau of Reclamation

Land and economy

About 7,500 people live in Harney County, more than half of them in Burns and Hines (2020 Census). Forest products, manufacturing, livestock and agriculture are the principal industries (Oregon Blue Book). Harney District Hospital is in Burns. U.S. 20, U.S. 395 and Oregon 78 serve the county (Harney County tourism), and the city-owned Burns Municipal Airport is zoned industrial. Harney County Economic Development advises local businesses, and Steens Mountain, the Alvord Desert and the Malheur refuge draw visitors.

Harney is Oregon’s largest county, mostly high desert rangeland, with irrigated hay and pasture in the Harney Basin. Federal agencies hold 71.6 percent of it, mostly BLM. The Burns Paiute Reservation, about 13,700 acres, lies just north of Burns (Burns Paiute Tribe), and the tribe’s Tribal Court has jurisdiction there. Its members are mainly descendants of the Wadatika Band of the Northern Paiute. Outside the cities, the county zoning ordinance and its farm use and rangeland zones govern what can be built or divided. The county surveyor keeps survey, corner and road-petition records. Water rights from the Silvies, Donner und Blitzen and Silver Creek systems are administered from the watermaster’s office in Burns, and the Harney Basin has been a critical groundwater area since January 2026 (OWRD).

Cities

CityPopulation, 2020
Burns, county seat. The county's largest city, home to the courthouse, county offices and Harney District Hospital. City hall: 242 S Broadway Avenue, Burns, OR 97720, 541-573-5255.2,730
Hines. Home to the BLM Burns District Office and the Forest Service's Emigrant Creek Ranger District office, both on Highway 20. City hall: 101 E Barnes Avenue, Hines, OR 97738, 541-573-2251.1,645

Unincorporated communities: Andrews, Buchanan, Crane, Diamond, Drewsey, Dunnean, Fields, Frenchglen, Frost Mill, Harney, Indian Village, Lawen, Narrows, New Princeton, Riley, Suntex, Trout Creek, Van, Venator, Voltage, Wagontire.

2020 Census, P.L. 94-171 Redistricting File, place level. City hall addresses and incorporation years from the Oregon Blue Book city pages, read 2026-09-05. Blurbs: Harney District Hospital and Oregon Blue Book county page (Burns), BLM and Forest Service office pages (Hines), read 2026-10-03.

Burns Burns Hines Hines
Harney County and its incorporated cities. Census Bureau boundaries, public domain.

Courts and public offices

Appeals go to the Oregon Court of Appeals in Salem. Federal cases from the county are filed in the United States District Court for the District of Oregon and heard in the Pendleton Division.

National forests and public land

Maps and property records

Laws and land use rules

Development

Resources

History

Harney County was set off from Grant County in 1889, on land that was the homeland of the Wadatika Band of the Northern Paiute (Oregon Blue Book, Burns Paiute Tribe, Oregon Blue Book). Burns won the county seat from Harney City in a contested 1890 election (An Illustrated History of Baker, Grant, Malheur and Harney Counties). The Edward Hines Lumber Company completed its sawmill at Hines on January 27, 1930 (City of Hines, Hines Mill History).

Further reading

Sources for the figures

All counties